24 June 2024

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Experience in the Training of Dental Students: Clinical Case Study on Hyperdontia

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The aim of this article is to consider the possibility of accessing situated learning in the training of undergraduate dental students, with authentic experiences and activities that facilitate the development of competences that enable cognition and effective coping with the task. In this way, the clinical case study strategy has been part of the didactics that enables the acquisition of specific functions in a clinical environment, the development of competences and an understanding of the culture and values that affect society.

Introduction

Within dentistry we can find various specialties, such as pediatric dentistry, surgery, periodontology, among others. Dentomaxillary pathology is one of them and includes the study of diseases and their symptoms, together with anomalies, variations and syndromes. T here is a developmental anomaly/disorder called hyperdontia, in which there is an increase in the number of teeth. This anomaly occurs in odontogenesis, specifically in the bud stage, where the physiological process is affected specifically in the initiation phase, generating the aforementioned hyperdontia. T his dental anomaly is prevalent from 0.1% to 3.8% in whites and 76% to 86% of the cases are only 1 supernumerary tooth; 95% in the maxillary anterior sector, generally in non-syndromic hyperdontia, with a ratio H:M=2:1 and associated with macrodontia in males.

T he clinical case, from Martínez  also called a case report, is known everywhere as a type of biochemical publication and is relevant in all areas of health, as mentioned by Romaní because it is a contribution to education, within the scientific field. Thus, in different studies, such as Villanueva, the idea is developed that the study and development of clinical cases increase situated learning, clinical studies facilitate understanding, logical reasoning and also the management of uncertainty. T his learning strategy allows the evaluation of the student's performance and Vega highlights the impact of the strategy because it collaborates with the improvement of different social shortcomings, such as realizing some latent needs in society regarding health in the area in which the activity is developed, clinical case strategy.

Ordoñez mentions that the clinical case study serves as a reliable scientific document to be read and studied by undergraduate students, it is a document that serves as an example for the understanding of content that presents difficulties for comprehension. In studies on didactic strategies used for university students, the idea of holistic learning is that which incorporates both the competence and ability to perform the task, but also in a relevant, creative and innovative way. The reduction of learning load through instruction is accurate because it must revalue knowledge based on meaningful experience, where the student develops attitude and skill. Where multiple analyses can be generated with respect to what is presented in the clinical case. In other words, between the teacher and the student, educational action is developed through experience translated into the assimilation of knowledge. The exercise carried out by an undergraduate student through the clinical case brings them closer to reality and prepares them to deal with problems through their competences.

Authors: Videla CB1* and Burgos AH2

Source: https://www.clinicalcasereportsint.com/